Search:

Kudos for you. You did the right thing.
Now, with a bit of Maas or other metal polish, you should be able to remove those stains fairly easily.

Btw, I too never close a razor until the next day....

This is an extremely important point that bears repeating.
I have seen many razors which had been put away with some residual moisture or soap inside the scales, with spots or worse as the result.

If even just the faintest smear of soap stays behind, this is what you get. Especially on such polished carbon steel.