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5) Have a look at this article from the Wiki. It'll explain a lot of those shaving passes and other techniques.

6) Yep! Sometimes you'll remove all the hair at once, but because hair and skin are...

To answer your questions:

1) About 15 minutes, start to finish.

2) As many as it takes to get BBS..! Dont think about "I must get BBS in one pass", its more about beard reduction with each pass...